Optimum Nutrition Product Reviews

Public release date: 13-Sep-2010


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Contact: Hilary Hurd Anyaso

h-anyaso@northwestern.edu

847-491-4887

Northwestern University

Male maturity shaped by early nutrition

Differences between the sexes affected by environment during first six months of life

EVANSTON, Ill. --- It seems the old nature versus nurture debate can't be won. But a new Northwestern University study of men in the Philippines makes a strong case for nurture's role in male to female differences -- suggesting that rapid weight gain in the first six months of life predicts earlier puberty for boys.

Males who experienced rapid growth as babies -- an indication that they were not nutritionally stressed -- also were taller, had more muscle and were stronger, and had higher testosterone levels as young adults. They had sex for the first time at a younger age and were more likely to report having had sex in the past month, resulting in more lifetime sex partners.

The researchers think that testosterone may hold the key to understanding these long-term effects.

"Most people are unaware that male infants in the first six months of life produce testosterone at approximately the same level as an adult male," said Christopher W. Kuzawa, associate professor of anthropology in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences and author of the study. "We looked at weight gain during this particular window of early life development, because testosterone is very high at this age and helps shape the differences between males and females."

The study provides more evidence that genes alone do not shape our fate.

"The environment has a very strong hand in how we turn out," Kuzawa said. "And this study extends that idea to the realm of sex differences and male biology."

The study found men, on average, tend to be taller and more muscular than females, and the magnitude of that difference appears to be the result of nutrition within the first six months of an infant male's life, according to the study.

"There is a perennial question about how important heredity is versus the environment as shapers of who we turn out to be," said Kuzawa. "In the last 20 years, a lot has been learned about a process called developmental plasticity -- how the body responds early in life to things like nutrition and stress. Early experiences can have a permanent effect on how the body develops, and this effect can linger into adulthood. There is a lot of evidence that this can influence risk of diseases like heart attack, diabetes and hypertension -- really important diseases."

Kuzawa and his collaborators applied the same framework in this study and found evidence that male characteristics -- such as height, muscle mass and testosterone levels as opposed to disease characteristics -- also relate back to early life developmental plasticity.

"Another way to look at it is that the differences between the sexes are not hard wired, but are responsive to the environment, and in particular to nutrition," Kuzawa said.

Testosterone has long been known to increase muscle mass and puts a person on a higher growth trajectory to be taller. The Northwestern study suggests that the age of puberty also is influenced by events in the first six months of life.

The study, which was funded by the National Science Foundation and the Wenner Gren Foundation, was conducted among a group of 770 Filipino males aged 20 to 22 who have been followed their entire lives. Since 1983 a team of researchers in the United States and the Philippines (including Kuzawa for about the last 10 years) has been working to understand how early life nutrition influences adult health, such as risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

"Rapid Weight Gain After Birth Predicts Life History and Reproductive Strategy in Filipino Males" was published Sept. 13 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study's co-authors are Thomas W. McDade, associate professor of anthropology, Northwestern University, Linda S. Adair, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Nanette Lee, University of San Carlos of the Office of Population Studies in Cebu City, Philippines.

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Optimum Nutrition Reviews

An important element of the game of roller hockey is weight training. Serious roller hockey players need to make sure that they are in good shape, training not only on the rink, but also in the gym. It is important that these players have strong shoulder muscles and biceps. One exercise that a lot of these players like to do in order to increase their strength is to do the machine row weight training exercise. This is an alternative exercise to using dumbbells that can be very effective. Using a machine can be slightly safer as you do not have to worry as much about dropping a free weight. Additionally, you can easily change the amount of weight that you are using by changing the location of the weight pin.

The first step of doing a correct machine row exercise for your roller hockey weight training is to find a rowing machine. Unlike using free weights, you want to set up your own weight bench. Most public gyms offer a number of different kinds of rowing machines, so you should find the one that you are most comfortable on. If you are not sure which machine is a rowing machine, usually public gyms will have trainers that can assist you and point you in the right direction.

The next step of doing a correct machine row exercise for your roller hockey weight training is to properly position yourself on the machine's seat. If you're using the standard row machine, you should see handles parallel to your body. Set the machine up with the correct amount of weight and make sure that the handles are in the correct position for the length of your arms.

You should now be raised to do the machine row exercise for your roller hockey weight training. Grab under the handles and pull them back towards you until they are roughly at your chest. During the exercise, your elbows should go behind you, not off to the side. The machine will pull the weight back, and you should slowly allow it to so that you can perform your next row. You should not simply let go, but gently let the handles go back to where they started. There should be resistance along the way, so you are working now on the way back as well.

Sources:

Sports Fitness Advisor
Roller Hockey Equipment

references:
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Top Weight Bench

Yankees What Happened To Our Don?

If Joe Girardi decides he had enough of the Yankees experience and goes to the Cubs, the Yankees can forget about Don Mattingly managing them.

The Dodgers hired Mattingly as their new manager after Joe Torre announced he won't return as the Dodger manager next year.

This is too bad. The Yankees need a manager who appreciates the game. They need a manager who won't overmanage. They need a manager who will not have an ego on gamedays.

Mattingly would fit the bill. Please do not talk about his lack of experience. Any manager can manage a team with the payroll the Yankees have.

If a manager has plenty of talent to work with he can get by. We saw that with Girardi last year.

The Yankees manager made dubious decisions when it came to pitching in October. Fortunately for him, his hitters bailed him out.

It also helped that CC Sabathia, AJ Burnett, and Andy Pettitte managed to win games in October.

If Girardi was not blessed with talent he would just be another manager and nothing more.

Want to know how players look good? Look back to Boston's manager Terry Francona. Philadelphia sports fans perceived him as a dumb manager when he lost in Philly. Yet he is now viewed as a great manager because he won two championships in Boston.

 

Does a manager make that much of a difference? All a manager can do is have his team sharp when the game begins.

Other than that, it comes down to what the players do within the white lines.

There is a good reason the Yankees are not in a rush to sign Girardi to an extension. They know he is replaceable. If anything, he should be begging to stay on rather than using the Cubs as leverage.

That would be a bad strategy on Girardi's part, especially if the Yankees miss out on the playoffs for the second time in three years under his stewardship. Don't laugh at that prospect.

The Yankees are nicked up with injuries. Nick Swisher and Brett Gardner can't seem to move, Mark Teixiera's foot limits his ability to hit, and Alex Rodriguez has not been productive thanks to a hip issue.

Their hitters don't scare elite pitchers. The Yankees strike out often these days at a high ratio.

Outside of CC Sabathia, no one in the rotation scares anyone. The Yankees are banking on Andy Pettitte, but what if he can't be good enough after being activated from the disabled list?

The schedule does the team no favors. The Orioles, Rays, Blue Jays, and the Red Sox know what it takes to beat the Yankees this year.

With the Red Sox six games out in the division and six 1/2 games out for the wild card, they can make a run of their own. At this point, there's more trust on the Red Sox than the Yankees to make the playoffs.

 

What's alarming is Girardi is not responding to the situation well. He has been moody with reporters. He talked about how the pennant race is work. He has had a quick hook with the pitchers if they screw up.

Is this want the Yankees want to see from their leader?

This type of attitude rubs off on the players. Girardi was able to relax last year because his players were never hurt and they played great all year.

When there is first sign of trouble, the Yankees manager is tense.

It is not going to get any better next year. The Rays will take a step back with defections, but the Orioles, Blue Jays, and the Red Sox are not going anywhere. Expect those three teams to improve.

How will Girardi handle it? Do the Yankees trust him to lead? This year's experience will speak volumes about him.

We also question Girardi's bullpen use. It's nice he wants to rest his relievers, but this is September. Every game is important. If the Yankees lose these games, the Red Sox will gain more games.

The Yankees should be trying to win these games. The more they win, they can exterminate the Rays. Then, they can go rest their players.

That's how a team should do it. For Girardi to think the wild-card spot is a safety net, that's wrong. Nothing is guaranteed.

If this strategy costs his team the postseason, the Yankees should fire him outright.

Does anyone think Mattingly would do this? Don't think so. Rest assured, he would play to win the game and worry about the other stuff when he has to.

Plus, he would embrace the games in September instead of pouting like a spoiled brat.

Mattingly would have been a better choice to manage the Yankees when the team decided to end their relationship with Torre. He would have been a great choice to take over for Girardi.

It is the Yankees' loss.

They are stuck with Girardi or whoever for better or for worse.

Jim McIsaac/Getty Images

The Dodgers need pitching, hitting, a great closer, a first baseman who can hit for power and the same at third, and probably a new center fielder and what do they end up with? 

A new manager who has never managed before.

I love Don Mattingly as a player. With that steady career batting average of .307, nine gold gloves, an MVP Award and some batting titles - but can he transpose his personal winning attitude and baseball acumen to his team?

It is kind of scary if you are a Dodger fan.  Just this week he said he had no idea why the Dodgers were hitting so poorly. This from the Dodgers hitting coach.

In his one stint as manager a month or so ago when Torre was tossed from the game, he made a really stupid mistake when he went to the mound twice in the same trip.  Donnie Baseball either forgot or didn't know the rule.  Either way, I am glad he's gotten that one out of the way.

Listen, Mattingly may have learned a lot while working at the feet of one of the great managers of our time but it appears like a shot in the dark.  I know Joe Torre and you are no Joe Torre.

The Dodgers are a mess as everyone knows what with the owners' divorce proceedings which led to a slashed budget which led to no buying power in the off-season which led to a weakened squad that included a 5th starter with zero big league experience which led to no true back-ups for the weary and the wounded which led to an almost last place finish. 

They need a miracle worker not a newbie manager who will be learning on the job.

I wish him well and hope he can pull this one out as easily as he could snare an errant throw in the dirt.

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School: Back to school shopping ripoffs?

It's time to prepare for the first days of school again, teachers. One of the many things to consider is your classroom bulletin boards. Bulletin boards are a part of almost every classroom. The beginning of the school year is a unique time, and teachers should create back to school bulletin boards that reflect the new school year and their new classroom. Here are a few great bulletin board ideas that you might consider using in your classroom this school year.

Family Tree - With your class, make a large tree out of brown butcher paper. Get students to bring in family pictures from home to put on the tree. You can add leaves listing students' names and interests that branch off from the students' photos. These leaves can change colors and content as the year progresses. Students can add new interests and fun facts to the classroom learning tree throughout the year. This is especially nice for the younger grades. Many young students like having that little piece of home with them in their classroom.

The Window Into Summer - To create this bulletin board you will need to divide a bulletin board into window panes using strips of paper. You should have one window pane for each student in your classroom. As the first few weeks of school progress, have students bring in some small objects each day that represent what they did over the summer (shells, sand, pictures, ticket stubs, etc.). The students can show the class the objects they bring in before it's time to put them on the bulletin board. After this student presentation you should put these items in zip-lock bags and mount those bags on to the child's special window pane. This is a great way to transition students from the summer break to the new school year.

Classroom Puzzle - Have the class create a puzzle using a cut up poster board. Give each student a piece of this poster. Label the back or corners so that you can put the puzzle together easily later on. Have the students put their name on and decorate their puzzle pieces. As a class you can put the puzzle together on a bulletin board. This exercises the students' problem solving and cooperative learning skills.

Classroom Portrait Quilt - This bulletin board will help the students to create a classroom identity. Give each student a sheet of drawing paper. Have them draw self-portraits, reminding them to include all of their facial features. They should only concentrate on the head and shoulders, not the whole body. The students should write their names on these portraits and then cut them out and glue them onto colorful pieces of construction paper to create quilt squares. Have the students arrange their quilt squares side by side onto a bulletin board. Label the bulletin board with the class name and display it in the hall or on the classroom door.

Learning Layers - On the first day of school you should have a blank bulletin board with individual spaces set up for each child in your classroom. Have the students draw a picture of something fun they did on summer break, what they expect to learn this school year, or even a self portrait. Put all of these pictures up on the bulletin board to fill in every student's special bulletin board space. As the students move on throughout the year they will add new pictures on top of the old ones that relate to classroom activities and new learning. At the end of the school year, each student will take down their stack of pictures and bind them together to create a book.

Busy Bee Rules - This is a bulletin board that involves students in making classroom rules. It will help students to remember good behavior. The students should make their bees out of yellow and black construction paper, paper plates, and pipe cleaners. Each child decides on a phrase to go with their bee (B-careful, B-friendly, B-respectful, B-patient, etc.). These completed bees and phrases should be placed onto a colorful bulletin board that follows a nature theme.

Handprint Rainbow - For this bulletin board you use the handprints of your students to make a classroom rainbow. This makes for a great classroom decoration and also helps to unify your students. Use red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple construction paper along with a neutral-color paper for the rainbows background. The students should trace their hands, cut the handprints out, write their name on the cutout and then glue or staple the handprints onto the bulletin board in a rainbow shape. You need about ten handprints for each of the colors of the rainbow. If you find you need more handprints, have students make a second set of prints. The students can list some of their interests or other fun facts about themselves on this second set of handprints.

Shadows of Me - This is a great get-to-know-you activity. Before the start of school you should cut out profile silhouettes. Give each student a silhouette and tell them this is their shadow. Have the students cut out pictures from magazines that say something about them. They could also bring pictures and other small prints/objects from home. The students should glue those clippings onto their shadows so that they can be hung onto the bulletin board. Find ways to make this display colorful, fun, and unique to your classroom.

The Back to School Bus - Contact parents before the first day of school, and ask them to give you a picture of their child. On the bulletin board you should put up a giant school bus driving along on the road to school. The students' pictures should be seen through the bus's windows. Have your own picture posted in the driver's seat. If you can't use photographs, have the students create self-portraits (head only) and use the drawings instead of pictures from home.

Have You Heard? - Put a picture of yourself on the middle of a bulletin board. Give each student a large, colorful, paper ear and have them write something they've heard about you. Let everyone come up with something and then dispel or confirm the rumors. This is a great way for the students to get to know their new school teacher a little better.

Back to School Balloons - Give all of your students a paper plate. Let them decorate their plates with paint, crayons, markers, glitter, stickers, tissue paper, glue, and whatever else you can think of. Make sure that each student writes their name on their balloon. Add lengths of yarn to the bulletin board by using thumb tacks. The yarn will act as the balloons' strings. Once the students are finished with their balloons you can attach the paper plates to the bulletin board using a stapler.

Too Cool at School - Buy some cheap sunglasses and take a picture of each child wearing a pair. You could buy a few different types of sunglasses (boy and girl styles) or enough for the whole class to take home as a back to school gift. You should have pre-cut construction paper sunglasses ready for each student to use. Get the students to glue their pictures onto one of the lenses of their paper sunglasses. Have the students write some interesting facts or information about themselves in the other sunglass lens. Put the sunglasses up onto a sunny bulletin board background. This is a great back to school bulletin board since students are still in a summer mentality on that first day back to school. This bulletin board has a warm, fun, summer theme and makes the transition back into the classroom a little easier.

All About Me Business Cards - Cut out paper the size of business cards (or use blank business cards). Put each of your student's names onto a blank bulletin board. The student names should be at the top of the bulletin board, side by side, going straight across. On the first day of class, provide students with a business card and have them write one interesting fact about themselves on the card. Allow students to read their business cards as they go to place them on the bulletin board. Keep this "all about me" game going every day, until there is no more room left on the bulletin board.

Who's the Teacher? - This is a bulletin board that is all about you. Choose a background and border that represents your interests and personality. Collect pictures, book covers, clip art, ticket stubs, souvenirs, receipts and anything else you can think of to represent your individuality. Post these items on the bulletin board and let your new students ask questions about the items they see posted. This bulletin board allows for a more exciting teacher introduction. Students discover their teacher when you use this bulletin board instead of simply listening to a sometimes boring introductory speech.

Letters from the Past - Make a bulletin board using letters from your previous year's students. These letters were written the previous year to tell students what the new school year would be like. Put these letters from the past on display as a way to welcome your new students into the classroom. After a few weeks, have your students write their own letters to their parents describing what the new school year has been like for them. Talk about those welcome letters with the class before you take the bulletin board down. Find out what advice was most helpful, interesting, or even just the funniest.



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Buy what you need for the first day of school but don’t buy too much for the rest of the year. Some items, such as pencils and pens, might be useful to stock up on if there is a great sale. But since many stores overstock on items, you may actually be able to find some bargains by scanning for sales after the back to school rush is over.

Top Reasons The Middle Class Is Disappearing

The current economic crisis in the United States is definitely putting a squeeze on the middle class on many fronts. Today we will look at one front, we'll start with the real estate and credit crisis. Many Americans are going into foreclosure and losing their homes and in record numbers as others scramble to file bankruptcy to buy them time to save their home if there's any equity left, sell and get out or simply live for free as long as they can. Many of them were in adjustable rate mortgages they simply could not afford when their rates adjusted.

On one side the blame has to fall on the American people for not reading the fine print. On the other side the lending practices of the banks themselves are clearly if not related to the credit crisis are directly responsible for it. That's right. Banks were loaning vasts amounts of cash to people who eventually couldn't afford to pay it back buy lending up to 100% of the value of the property to people with sub-prime credit. By doing this it artificially drove up home prices since so many qualified to buy their own home. Eventually when the real estate bubble burst many would be left in financial ruin and those with great credit would be left to pay a mortgage that amounted to more than what their properties were valued at while being left with the threat of financial ruin if they don't pay up.

Many people are walking away from the property and since the properties won't sell at the trustees sales they become bank owned and are sold for pennies on the dollar at auctions. Who are buying up these properties? The financially wealthy are. Those who can pay all cash or who have at least a minimum of 20% down payment and who qualify with full documentation. Since the stated income loans are drying up it makes one wonder why we had them in the first place and even if they were necessary why were the lenders lending 90-100% of the value in these programs.

Banks are failing because of the losses they've sustained by having too much money in the sub-prime market and they are being rescued or bought out by bigger banks. This is an area of particular concern because fewer banks means more control over money and less access to it by entrepreneurs of the middle class.



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Did you know

Sell Videos
One creative way to raise money for your sports team is by selling videos. These items can be obtained in bulk from independent producers and multimedia companies. You can contact them and tell them that you are trying to raise money for your local sports league. Producers and companies will usually offer their assistance in your fundraising strategy. You can take orders or sell videos at an event or central location.

The producers benefit from having exposure and may split the revenues with you. Your sports team benefits by raising funds for uniforms, trips and other necessary items. The only costs involved may be marketing materials such as posters and signs. Order forms may also be another cost associated with this fundraising idea. Since the videos will be provided for free, you will make more money than you spend.

Hold a Dance-off
A dancing competition or party is a great way to raise funds for your sports team. This can be done in a variety of ways. You can hold a dance competition and charge contestants to enter and make money from admission as well. The winner of the competition can be given a prize. This prize can be in monetary form or other gifts.

You can appoint three judges to score each contestant or determine the winner by audience applause. Another way to make money with this creative fundraising idea is to hold a dance party where the last person still on the dance floor at the end of four hours wins a prize. Individuals and couples can be charged to participate or given the option to donate their own desired amount to your sports team. The costs associated with this fundraising idea include food, music and decorations. If you do not have a location that can be used for the event, this may be another cost as well.

Sell Calendars
Many sports teams accumulate lots of pictures. These items can be used as a creative way to raise money for your sports team. You can collect the best photos of your team and assemble them into a 12-month calendar. Each photo does not have to contain all members of the team. You can have random selections of the complete sports team and other action shots of key players. Calendars can be made at a local printing shop or through online merchant services like Cafepress. While it may be costly to print calendars, there is usually a discount for large printing orders. You can make this money back and profit by doubling the printing price for each calendar.

Sell Books
This is another creative way to raise money for your sports team. Selling books can be done much like the videos mentioned earlier in this article. You can contact local authors and sell their books for profit. It may be easier to sell both children's books and adult novels. Children's books are usually easier to sell and people tend to purchase numerous copies of these items. However, adding books for adults can increase the profit for your sports team.